fix: handle when WinRT APIs are unavailable

[BrycensRanch]

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        Fixes #bugnumber

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The change is a small addition to an existing exception filter and doesn't introduce new behavior that requires unit testing. The exceptions being added are already handled conceptually by the existing "feature unavailable" logic.

• Code follows the same patterns and style as existing code in this repo

Motivation

The existing code already catches exceptions from the initial WinRT call (e.g., TargetInvocationException and InvalidOperationException for unpackaged apps). However, Wine partially implements WinRT — it successfully returns a ApplicationData object from the first call, but then throws NotImplementedException when accessing the LocalFolder property. Since this exception isn't caught, the entire SqliteConnection type becomes unusable.

Note: System.Data.SQLite works fine under Wine because it doesn't attempt this WinRT trick. However, I love Microsoft.Data.Sqlite and I'm a programmer that daily drives Linux and want to test my application under Wine instead of an VM. It'd also fix ShareX's latest versions under Wine too.

Fixes #36343

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR aims to make Microsoft.Data.Sqlite more resilient on Windows-like environments where WinRT APIs exist but are partially unavailable (e.g., Wine), by extending the static initialization logic that attempts to use Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.

Changes:

• Adds exception handling intended to treat NotImplementedException/NotSupportedException as “WinRT feature unavailable” during WinRT probing in SqliteConnection’s static constructor.

[BrycensRanch]

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