docs: address issue #24163

[dvdksn]

Summary

Removed repeated text about path behavior in the Compose Build Specification documentation.

Changes

• Consolidated duplicate sentences about absolute/relative path behavior that appeared in both the "former case" and "latter case" paragraphs
• Improved clarity by explicitly referencing "When build is specified as a string" and "When build is specified as a detailed structure" instead of vague "former/latter" references
• Added a single consolidated paragraph explaining path behavior that applies to both cases

Fixes #24163

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[docker-agent]

Review Summary

✅ Approved - No issues found.

This PR successfully improves the Compose Build Specification documentation by:

• Removing duplicate text about path behavior that appeared in both the "former case" and "latter case" paragraphs
• Replacing vague "former/latter" references with explicit "When build is specified as a string" and "When build is specified as a detailed structure"
• Consolidating the path behavior explanation into a single clear paragraph that applies to both cases
• Fixing various formatting inconsistencies (YAML indentation, bullet list markers from * to -)

The changes preserve the document's scope and improve clarity without introducing any style violations or technical errors. All new content is properly formatted with appropriate line lengths.