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27 changes: 27 additions & 0 deletions examples/03_spin_polarized/04_Co6Nb4Os2/INPUT
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INPUT_PARAMETERS

calculation scf
basis_type lcao
nspin 2
symmetry 1
gamma_only 0

ecutwfc 60
scf_thr 1e-06
scf_nmax 100

ks_solver genelpa
smearing_method gaussian
smearing_sigma 0.005

mixing_type broyden
mixing_beta 0.2
mixing_beta_mag 0.2

out_mul 1
out_chg 0
#out_hsr_npz 1
#out_dm_npz 1

pseudo_dir ../../../tests/PP_ORB/
orbital_dir ../../../tests/PP_ORB/
4 changes: 4 additions & 0 deletions examples/03_spin_polarized/04_Co6Nb4Os2/KPT
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K_POINTS
0
Gamma
5 5 2 1 1 1
57 changes: 57 additions & 0 deletions examples/03_spin_polarized/04_Co6Nb4Os2/README.md
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# Co6Nb4Os2 Spin-Polarized Calculation Example

This example demonstrates a spin-polarized DFT calculation for the Co6Nb4Os2 compound.

## Special Note: Sensitivity to Smearing Parameter

This calculation is **extremely sensitive to the smearing parameter** (`smearing_sigma`). The total magnetic moment shows significant variation depending on the smearing value:

| smearing_sigma (Ry) | Total Magnetism (μB) |
|---------------------|----------------------|
| 0.002 | ~2.20 |
| 0.005 | ~1.94 |
| 0.010 | ~0.60 |
| 0.020 | ~0.00 (non-magnetic) |

### Explanation

The Co6Nb4Os2 system exhibits a delicate balance between magnetic and non-magnetic states. The smearing parameter controls the width of the Gaussian smearing used for occupation numbers, which significantly affects the electronic structure near the Fermi level. For this compound:

- **Small smearing values** (e.g., 0.002 Ry) preserve the magnetic ordering, resulting in a total magnetic moment of ~2.20 μB
- **Increasing smearing** progressively suppresses the magnetic moment
- **Large smearing values** (e.g., 0.02 Ry) completely quench the magnetism, leading to a non-magnetic ground state

### Recommended Settings

The default `smearing_sigma` in `INPUT` is set to **0.001 Ry**, which should yield a magnetic moment close to 2.20 μB. Users are advised to carefully test different smearing values when studying this system.

## System Details

- **Composition**: Co6Nb4Os2
- **Structure**: Hexagonal lattice
- **Spin polarization**: Enabled (`nspin = 2`)
- **Basis type**: LCAO

## Files

- `INPUT`: Main input file with calculation parameters
- `STRU`: Structure file with atomic positions, initial magnetic moments, and numerical atomic orbital definitions
- `KPT`: k-point mesh definition

### Numerical Atomic Orbitals (NAO)

The `STRU` file references three numerical atomic orbital files:
- `Co_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb`
- `Nb_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb`
- `Os_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb`

The filename format encodes the following information:
- `9au`: Orbital cutoff radius (9 atomic units)
- `60Ry`: Energy cutoff (60 Rydberg)
- `4s2p2d1f`: Number of orbitals per angular momentum channel (4 s-orbitals, 2 p-orbitals, 2 d-orbitals, 1 f-orbital)

The `ecutwfc` parameter in `INPUT` is set to **60** to match the energy cutoff of the orbital files, ensuring consistency in the calculation.

## Running the Calculation

Execute ABACUS in this directory to perform the spin-polarized SCF calculation. Monitor the output for the total magnetic moment in the final SCF iteration.
42 changes: 42 additions & 0 deletions examples/03_spin_polarized/04_Co6Nb4Os2/STRU
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ATOMIC_SPECIES
Co 58.933194 Co_ONCV_PBE-1.2.upf
Nb 92.90637 Nb_ONCV_PBE-1.2.upf
Os 190.23 Os_ONCV_PBE-1.2.upf

NUMERICAL_ORBITAL
Co_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb
Nb_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb
Os_gga_9au_60Ry_4s2p2d1f.orb

LATTICE_CONSTANT
1.889726

LATTICE_VECTORS
4.8297140000 0.0000000000 0.0000000000
-2.414854000 4.1826560000 0.0000000000
0.0000000000 0.0000000000 8.0678760000

ATOMIC_POSITIONS
Direct

Co
0.0000000000
6
0.1712410000 0.8287590000 0.7500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.298
0.8287600000 0.6575140000 0.2500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.282
0.3424860000 0.1712400000 0.2500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.314
0.6575140000 0.8287600000 0.7500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.314
0.1712400000 0.3424860000 0.7500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.282
0.8287590000 0.1712410000 0.2500000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.298
Nb
0.0000000000
4
0.6666670000 0.3333330000 0.9274990000 1 1 1 magmom 0.053
0.3333330000 0.6666670000 0.4274990000 1 1 1 magmom 0.055
0.6666670000 0.3333330000 0.5725010000 1 1 1 magmom 0.055
0.3333330000 0.6666670000 0.0725010000 1 1 1 magmom 0.053
Os
0.0000000000
2
0.0000000000 0.0000000000 0.5000000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.033
0.0000000000 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 1 1 1 magmom 0.027
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