diff --git a/middleware/decompress.go b/middleware/decompress.go
index 0c56176ee..7eca67953 100644
--- a/middleware/decompress.go
+++ b/middleware/decompress.go
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"compress/gzip"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ func DecompressWithConfig(config DecompressConfig) echo.MiddlewareFunc {
 				return next(c)
 			}
 
-			if c.Request().Header.Get(echo.HeaderContentEncoding) != GZIPEncoding {
+			// content codings are case-insensitive (RFC 9110 section 8.4.1)
+			if !strings.EqualFold(c.Request().Header.Get(echo.HeaderContentEncoding), GZIPEncoding) {
 				return next(c)
 			}
 
diff --git a/middleware/decompress_test.go b/middleware/decompress_test.go
index 63b1a68f5..bc0171b8d 100644
--- a/middleware/decompress_test.go
+++ b/middleware/decompress_test.go
@@ -208,3 +208,29 @@ func gzipString(body string) ([]byte, error) {
 
 	return buf.Bytes(), nil
 }
+
+func TestDecompressContentEncodingCaseInsensitive(t *testing.T) {
+	e := echo.New()
+	body := `{"name":"echo"}`
+	gz, err := gzipString(body)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	for _, encoding := range []string{"GZIP", "Gzip"} {
+		t.Run(encoding, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", bytes.NewReader(gz))
+			req.Header.Set(echo.HeaderContentEncoding, encoding)
+			rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			c := e.NewContext(req, rec)
+
+			h := Decompress()(func(c echo.Context) error {
+				b, err := io.ReadAll(c.Request().Body)
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				return c.String(http.StatusOK, string(b))
+			})
+			assert.NoError(t, h(c))
+			assert.Equal(t, body, rec.Body.String())
+		})
+	}
+}